Ibsaa Gammadaa

በኢትዮጵያ የሀገረ-መንግሰት ግንባታ የታሪክ ዳራ፡ በእኩልነት ላይ የተመሠረተች ሀገር ለመፍጠር የተደረጉ ሙከራዎች፣ ያጋጠሙን የታሪክ ፈተናዎችና ያመለጡን ዕድሎች በብሔራዊ መግባባት መነፅር ሲታይ <><><><><><><><><><><><><<><><><<><>< መረራ ጉዲና (ፕሮፌሰር) ለብሔራዊ መግባባት ውይይት የቀረበ ጥናት ነሐሴ 2012 <><><><><><><><><><><><><<><><><<><>< 👉አብዛኛዎቹ የሀገራችን የታሪክ ምሁራን የኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ ከክርስቶስ ልደት በፊት፤ በአስረኛው ምዕተ ዓመት የንግስት ሳባ እና የንጉስ ሰለሞን ግንኙነት በሚባለው ጊዜ ይጀምራል ይላሉ፡፡ 👉ይህ ለአንዳንዶቹ የሚታመን ታሪክ ተደርጎ የሚወሰደው፤ ለሌሎች ደግሞ ተረት እንደነበረ የሚነገረው ክስተት የማስመሰያ ትርክቱ የእስራኤል አምላክ የቀባቸው ገዥዎች ተብሎ በሺዎች ለሚቆጠሩ ዓመታት ንጉሦቹ ቅቡልነትን አግኝተውበታል፡፡ በትርክቱም ሀገሪቷን እስከ 1966 ሕዝባዊ አብዮት ድረስ ያለ ብዙ ጭንቀት ገዝተውበታል፡፡ 👉የዛሬይቱ ሰፊዋ ኢትዮጵያ እንደ ሕብረ ብሔራዊ የነገስታት መንግስት (multi-ethnic empire state) የተፈጠረችው በ2ኛው የ19ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ግማሽ፤ የዘመነ መሳፍንት ከሚባለው ዘመን በኋላ ስለሆነና ዛሬም በጣም ሰፊ ቀውስ ውስጥ የከተተን ታሪካዊ ዳራም ከዚሁ ጊዜ ጀምሮ ስለሆነ፤ ጽሑፌም ከዘመናዊ...

Jila Buttaa Qaluu Gadaa Karrayyuu Karrayyuun, qaama ummata Oromoo Sirnaa Gadaan bulu, kan roorroo jaarraa hedduuf itti marmaartefi har'allee irraa hin cinneef takkaa hin jilbiinfanne, kutaalee Oromiyaa keessaa naannawa babalinni magaalaa akka maleetti gaaddidduu irratti uume jalatti aadaa, afaan, Gadaa fi eenyummaasaa tikfatee har'aan gahe.   Keessattuu ajjeechaa jumlaa tuuta Gadaa Michilleerratti raawwatame, (ani yakka ganiinsa biyyaafi fonqolcha mootummaa Gadaa Karrayyuurratti raawwatamen jedha gochicha) saniin booda sirna kana gaggeeffataa jira. Kuni dandamannaa jabaa dha. Gadaan Karrayyuu, Gadaa Oromoo cinna tokko malee balaa gabrummaa dandamatanii har'a gahan muraasa keessa isa tokko. Dhimma ka biraa biraa kanumaan walqabatuun, magaalonni akka Finfinnee, ''Shaggar'' (Galaan, Duukam), Bishooftuu, Mojoo Adaamaa fi kkf lafa qonnaan bulaa Oromoo xaafii oomishuudhaan Oromiyaarraa sadarkaa 1ffaa itti qabu, Godina Shaggar Ba...

The Convergence of Power and Ideology: How Berhanu Nega and Prosperity Party Are Reshaping Ethiopia’s Debate on Self-Determination and Multinational Federalism Berhanu Nega’s influence in today’s political landscape goes far beyond his title as Minister of Education. He is simultaneously advancing a long-running personal political project—one that has consistently challenged the right to self-determination and pushed back against Ethiopia’s multinational federal system. What makes this moment unique is how neatly his agenda aligns with the political environment shaped by Prosperity Party (PP).  PP leaders often reduce Ethiopia’s federal arrangement to “ethnic federalism,” a label used more to discredit the system than to describe it. They regularly claim the 1995 Constitution is merely a TPLF creation, as if the Oromo and other nations and nationalities played no role in demanding or shaping a federal structure. This framing has strengthened Berhanu’s long-held centralist outlook. ...

⚖️ Crimes Against Dead Bodies and Degrading Public Displays by Ethiopian Government Forces in Uniform is a War Crime and Crime Against Humanity The act of tying and publicly displaying the corpses of alleged OLA armed resistance members on donkeys by government forces in uniform constitutes a grave violation of both ethical norms and legal standards. This act appears to be deliberately executed to humiliate the deceased, intimidate the surrounding communities, and send a chilling message to potential supporters of the resistance.  The primary victims of this brutality are multifaceted. The dignity of the deceased is egregiously violated; their families are subjected to profound psychological trauma; and the broader Oromo community is left in a state of fear, subjugation, and collective punishment. Such actions signify a systematic pattern of extrajudicial abuse designed to terrorize and silence. This reprehensible conduct violates several key legal f...

Miniteera Barnoota Jaal Ibsaa Guutama hogganee waggaa 1 gadi keessa Oromiyaa keessatti Afaan Oromootiin akkasumas, Naannolee kaan keessattis afaan dhalootaatiin kutaa 1-8 akka barataniif hojii guddaa seenaatti galmaa'e hojjete. Anin ijoolle gaafa san Afaan Oromootiin barnoota kutaa 1ffaarraa eegalan keessa nama tokko, ragaa tokko. Odoo Oromoon qabsaa'uu baatee, Waldaan Maccaaf Tuulamni jiraachuu baatee, ABO jiraachuu baatee, warri akka Jaal Ibsaa Guutamaa, Janaraal Taaddasaa Birruu fi gootonni kumaatamni hin jirre tahee silaa har'aan tana qubee kanaan barreessuu hin danda'un ture. Isinis dubbisuu hin dandeessan ture.   Har'a bakki seenaan itti hojjetame kun nama sababa Sabboonummaa Oromootif qofa jaarmayaa siyaasaa Ginboot 7 (amma EZEMA) dhaabee Itoophiyaa Oromoorraa baraaruuf dhama'uun hoogganama. Siyaasni sabummaa haa hafu oggaa jedhan kan Oromoo jechuu isaaniti malee kan biraa miti. Federaalizimiin sabummaa haa diigamu hoggaa jedhanis ...

Why State ,  Government ,  Ruling Party , and  Party Leader Converge In Ethiopia?       The observation that in Ethiopia the State , Government , Ruling Party , and Party Leader often appear indistinguishable is not only perceptive but also reflects a critical challenge of authoritarian or hegemonic governance systems. Let’s break this down with Ethiopian context and political theory: 🔍 Definitions First (in General Terms): Term General Meaning State   FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA (FDRE): Permanent       institutions that exercise sovereign authority (courts, army, civil service). Government   GOVERNMENT of FDRE: The current administration that runs the state (temporary,    more of political executive). Ruling Party   PROSPERITY PARTY (PP): The political party that wins elections and forms the government. Party Leader    ABIY AHMED PM of FDRE (DEFACTO PRESIDENT...